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Lesbian utopia refers to a conceptual community made up entirely of biological females who are not dependent on men for anything.〔Usage example: ''Montreal Mirror'', "(A Condo of One's Own )", Jane Shulman, May 2007〕〔Usage example: Off Our Backs, ''(Sexual violence within lesbian battering )'', Lori B Girshick, Oct 2001〕 The concept of an all-female society is mentioned in Greek mythology through a legend of the Amazons, a nation of all-female warriors. In this legend, once each year the Amazons call upon the Gargareans and mate with them. ==Reproduction== It could be argued that a major hurdle for a philosophical lesbian utopia would be that, as with many species, human reproduction requires an egg (from the female), a sperm (from the male) and a womb as a suitable environment with an available source of nutrients in which an embryo can develop into a fetus and gestate until childbirth. Scientists have created mouse pups from two female mice, including Kaguya.〔''BBC News'', (Mice created without fathers ), 21 April 2004〕 The trial was conducted by researchers from the Tokyo University of Agriculture, led by Dr. Tomohiro Kono. The research uncovered that by suppressing the activity of a certain hormone from the original mouse eggs, they could initiate growth of the eggs by using two sets of ''female'' DNA, by increasing the activity of another hormone contained within the egg.〔 However, Dr. Komo has stated that the extremely low success rate of the procedure uncovered by his team meant that just 2 out of 598 mice were able to be produced both successfully and ''safely'' using this method (Giving an estimated success rate of about 0.334%). He said that many of the mice died during the trial, with just two of them surviving to adulthood.〔 Researchers have also dismissed the use of this technology in fertility treatment for the time being, citing that it is impossible to tell whether this treatment would even be applicable for use in this area without further research.〔 Dr. Komo has also expressed reservations regarding human fertility treatments, stating, "This is a very complicated thing. So no, It is impossible to do this experiment in a human. And I don't want to do it".〔 However, some researchers still believe the methods could have potential applications in stem cell research.〔 Scientists have also found a way to fertilise human eggs using genetic material from any cell in the body.〔(Eggs fertilised without sperm ), 10 July 2001〕 This could eventually allow two or more females to conceive and bring a baby to term without male assistance. There have been some public health concerns amongst a vocal minority about the viability of the techniques put forward in this instance, particularly regarding the health of the children conceived through biotechnology, as well as the "high risk of creating damaged people" through genetic engineering of this type.〔 It is as of yet unknown if any new biotechnology could be applied to humans, regardless of any ethical issues which may arise.〔About.com, ''(Parthenogenesis: Do We Need Men Anymore? Creating Children Without Men or Sperm )'', Kathy Belge, retrieved 14 September 2007〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lesbian utopia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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